/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 University of Washington
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Leonard Tracy <lentracy@gmail.com>
 *         Andrea Sacco <andrea.sacco85@gmail.com>
 */

#ifndef UAN_PHY_H
#define UAN_PHY_H

#include "ns3/device-energy-model.h"
#include "ns3/object.h"
#include "ns3/uan-mac.h"
#include "ns3/uan-prop-model.h"
#include "ns3/uan-transducer.h"
#include "ns3/uan-tx-mode.h"

namespace ns3
{

/**
 * \ingroup uan
 *
 * Class used for calculating SINR of packet in UanPhy.
 *
 * Can be set to any derived class using attributes of UanPhy
 * to implement different models.
 */
class UanPhyCalcSinr : public Object
{
  public:
    /**
     * Calculate the SINR value for a packet.
     *
     * \param pkt Packet to calculate SINR for.
     * \param arrTime Arrival time of pkt.
     * \param rxPowerDb The received signal strength of the packet in dB re 1 uPa.
     * \param ambNoiseDb Ambient channel noise in dB re 1 uPa.
     * \param mode TX Mode of pkt.
     * \param pdp  Power delay profile of pkt.
     * \param arrivalList  List of interfering arrivals given from Transducer.
     * \return The SINR in dB re 1 uPa.
     */
    virtual double CalcSinrDb(Ptr<Packet> pkt,
                              Time arrTime,
                              double rxPowerDb,
                              double ambNoiseDb,
                              UanTxMode mode,
                              UanPdp pdp,
                              const UanTransducer::ArrivalList& arrivalList) const = 0;
    /**
     * Register this type.
     * \return The object TypeId.
     */
    static TypeId GetTypeId();

    /** Clear all pointer references. */
    virtual void Clear();

    /**
     * Convert dB re 1 uPa to kilopascals.
     *
     * \param db dB value.
     * \return Value in kilopascals.
     */
    inline double DbToKp(double db) const
    {
        return std::pow(10, db / 10.0);
    }

    /**
     * Convert kilopascals to dB re 1 uPa.
     *
     * \param kp Value in kilopascals.
     * \return Value in dB re 1 uPa
     */
    inline double KpToDb(double kp) const
    {
        return 10 * std::log10(kp);
    }

  protected:
    void DoDispose() override;

}; // class UanPhyCalcSinr

/**
 * \ingroup uan
 *
 * Calculate packet error probability, based on received SINR
 * and modulation (mode).
 *
 * Can be set in UanPhy via attributes.
 */
class UanPhyPer : public Object
{
  public:
    /**
     * Calculate the packet error probability based on
     * SINR at the receiver and a tx mode.
     *
     * \param pkt Packet which is under consideration.
     * \param sinrDb SINR at receiver.
     * \param mode TX mode used to transmit packet.
     * \return Probability of packet error.
     */
    virtual double CalcPer(Ptr<Packet> pkt, double sinrDb, UanTxMode mode) = 0;

    /**
     * Register this type.
     * \return The TypeId.
     */
    static TypeId GetTypeId();
    /** Clear all pointer references. */
    virtual void Clear();

  protected:
    void DoDispose() override;

}; // class UanPhyPer

/**
 * \ingroup uan
 *
 * Interface for PHY event listener.
 *
 * A class which implements this interface may register with Phy object
 * to receive notification of TX/RX/CCA events
 */
class UanPhyListener
{
  public:
    /** Default destructor */
    virtual ~UanPhyListener()
    {
    }

    /** Called when UanPhy begins receiving packet. */
    virtual void NotifyRxStart() = 0;
    /** Called when UanPhy finishes receiving packet without error. */
    virtual void NotifyRxEndOk() = 0;
    /** Called when UanPhy finishes receiving packet in error. */
    virtual void NotifyRxEndError() = 0;
    /** Called when UanPhy begins sensing channel is busy. */
    virtual void NotifyCcaStart() = 0;
    /** Called when UanPhy stops sensing channel is busy. */
    virtual void NotifyCcaEnd() = 0;
    /**
     * Called when transmission starts from Phy object.
     *
     * \param duration Duration of transmission.
     */
    virtual void NotifyTxStart(Time duration) = 0;
    /** Function called when Phy object finishes transmitting packet */
    virtual void NotifyTxEnd() = 0;
}; // class UanPhyListener

/**
 * \ingroup uan
 *
 * Base class for UAN Phy models.
 */
class UanPhy : public Object
{
  public:
    /// Enum defining possible Phy states.
    enum State
    {
        IDLE,    //!< Idle state.
        CCABUSY, //!< Channel busy.
        RX,      //!< Receiving.
        TX,      //!< Transmitting.
        SLEEP,   //!< Sleeping.
        DISABLED //!< Disabled.
    };

    /**
     * Packet received successfully callback function type.
     *
     * \pname{arg1} Packet received successfully.
     * \pname{arg2} SNIR of packet.
     * \pname{arg3} Mode of packet.
     */
    typedef Callback<void, Ptr<Packet>, double, UanTxMode> RxOkCallback;

    /**
     * Packet receive error callback function type.
     *
     * \pname{arg1} Packet received successfully.
     * \pname{arg2} SNIR of packet.
     */
    typedef Callback<void, Ptr<Packet>, double> RxErrCallback;

    /**
     * TracedCallback signature for UanPhy packet send/receive events.
     *
     * \param [in] pkt The packet.
     * \param [in] sinr The SINR.
     * \param [in] mode The channel mode.
     */
    typedef void (*TracedCallback)(Ptr<const Packet> pkt, double sinr, UanTxMode mode);

    /**
     * Set the DeviceEnergyModel callback for UanPhy device.
     *
     * \param callback The DeviceEnergyModel change state callback.
     */
    virtual void SetEnergyModelCallback(DeviceEnergyModel::ChangeStateCallback callback) = 0;
    /**
     * Handle the energy depletion event.
     */
    virtual void EnergyDepletionHandler() = 0;
    /**
     * Handle the energy recharge event.
     */
    virtual void EnergyRechargeHandler() = 0;
    /**
     * Send a packet using a specific transmission mode.
     *
     * \param pkt  Packet to transmit.
     * \param modeNum  Index of mode in SupportedModes list to use for transmission.
     */
    virtual void SendPacket(Ptr<Packet> pkt, uint32_t modeNum) = 0;

    /**
     * Register a UanPhyListener to be notified of common UanPhy events.
     *
     * \param listener New listener to register.
     */
    virtual void RegisterListener(UanPhyListener* listener) = 0;

    /**
     * Packet arriving from channel:  i.e.  leading bit of packet has arrived.
     *
     * \param pkt Packet which is arriving.
     * \param rxPowerDb Signal power of incoming packet in dB re 1 uPa.
     * \param txMode Transmission mode defining modulation of incoming packet.
     * \param pdp Power delay profile of incoming packet.
     */
    virtual void StartRxPacket(Ptr<Packet> pkt, double rxPowerDb, UanTxMode txMode, UanPdp pdp) = 0;

    /**
     * Set the callback to be used when a packet is received without error.
     *
     * \param cb The callback.
     */
    virtual void SetReceiveOkCallback(RxOkCallback cb) = 0;

    /**
     * Set the callback to be used when a packet is received with errors.
     *
     * \param cb The callback.
     */
    virtual void SetReceiveErrorCallback(RxErrCallback cb) = 0;

    /**
     * Set the transmit power.
     *
     * \param txpwr Final output transmission power, in dB.
     */
    virtual void SetTxPowerDb(double txpwr) = 0;

    /**
     * Set the minimum SINR threshold to receive a packet without errors.
     *
     * \deprecated See UanPhyPer.
     *
     * \param thresh Threshold SINR for proper reception in dB re 1 uPa.
     */
    virtual void SetRxThresholdDb(double thresh) = 0;

    /**
     * Set the threshold for detecting channel busy.
     *
     * \param thresh Signal power threshold at receiver.
     */
    virtual void SetCcaThresholdDb(double thresh) = 0;

    /**
     * Get the current transmit power, in dB.
     *
     * \return The transmit power.
     */
    virtual double GetTxPowerDb() = 0;

    /**
     * Get the minimum received signal strength required
     * to receive a packet without errors.
     *
     * \return The minimum required signal strength, in dB.
     */
    virtual double GetRxThresholdDb() = 0;

    /**
     * Get the CCA threshold signal strength required to detect channel busy.
     *
     * \return The CCA threshold signal strength in dB.
     */
    virtual double GetCcaThresholdDb() = 0;
    /** \return True if Phy is in SLEEP state. */
    virtual bool IsStateSleep() = 0;
    /** \return True if Phy is in IDLE state. */
    virtual bool IsStateIdle() = 0;
    /** \return True if Phy is neither IDLE nor SLEEP. */
    virtual bool IsStateBusy() = 0;
    /** \return True if Phy is currently in receive mode. */
    virtual bool IsStateRx() = 0;
    /** \return True if Phy is busy transmitting. */
    virtual bool IsStateTx() = 0;
    /** \return True if Phy is in CCABUSY state. */
    virtual bool IsStateCcaBusy() = 0;

    /**
     * Get the attached channel.
     *
     * \return The channel.
     */
    virtual Ptr<UanChannel> GetChannel() const = 0;

    /**
     * Get the device hosting this Phy.
     *
     * \return The net device.
     */
    virtual Ptr<UanNetDevice> GetDevice() const = 0;

    /**
     * Attach to a channel.
     *
     * \param channel The channel to attach to.
     */
    virtual void SetChannel(Ptr<UanChannel> channel) = 0;

    /**
     * Set the device hosting this Phy.
     *
     * \param device The device.
     */
    virtual void SetDevice(Ptr<UanNetDevice> device) = 0;

    /**
     * Set the MAC forwarding messages to this Phy.
     *
     * \param mac The MAC.
     */
    virtual void SetMac(Ptr<UanMac> mac) = 0;

    /**
     * Called when a transmission is beginning
     * on the attached transducer.
     *
     * \param packet Packet that is beginning transmission.
     * \param txPowerDb Transmit power of packet.
     * \param txMode  Transmission mode of packet.
     */
    virtual void NotifyTransStartTx(Ptr<Packet> packet, double txPowerDb, UanTxMode txMode) = 0;

    /**
     * Called when there has been a change in the
     * amount of interference this node is experiencing
     * from other transmissions.
     */
    virtual void NotifyIntChange() = 0;

    /**
     * Attach a transducer to this Phy.
     *
     * \param trans The transducer.
     */
    virtual void SetTransducer(Ptr<UanTransducer> trans) = 0;

    /**
     * Get the attached transducer.
     *
     * \return The transducer.
     */
    virtual Ptr<UanTransducer> GetTransducer() = 0;

    /**
     * Get the number of transmission modes supported by this Phy.
     *
     * \return The number modes.
     */
    virtual uint32_t GetNModes() = 0;

    /**
     * Get a specific transmission mode.
     *
     * \param n The mode number.
     * \return The mode.
     */
    virtual UanTxMode GetMode(uint32_t n) = 0;

    /**
     * Get the packet currently being received.
     *
     * \warning Returns non-valid pointer if IsStateRx == false.
     * \return The packet.
     */
    virtual Ptr<Packet> GetPacketRx() const = 0;

    /** Clear all pointer references. */
    virtual void Clear() = 0;

    /**
     * Set the Phy SLEEP mode.
     *
     * \param sleep SLEEP on or off.
     */
    virtual void SetSleepMode(bool sleep) = 0;

    /**
     * Called when the transducer begins transmitting a packet.
     *
     * This fires a PhyTxBegin trace.  Implemented for encapsulation
     * purposes.
     *
     * \param packet The packet.
     */
    void NotifyTxBegin(Ptr<const Packet> packet);

    /**
     * Called when the transducer finishes transmitting a packet.
     *
     * This fires a PhyTxEnd trace.  Implemented for encapsulation
     * purposes.
     *
     * \param packet The packet.
     */
    void NotifyTxEnd(Ptr<const Packet> packet);

    /**
     * Called when the transducer attempts to transmit a new packet while
     * already transmitting a prior packet.
     *
     * This fires a PhyTxDrop trace.  Implemented for encapsulation
     * purposes.
     *
     * \param packet The packet.
     */
    void NotifyTxDrop(Ptr<const Packet> packet);

    /**
     * Called when the Phy begins to receive a packet.
     *
     * This fires a PhyRxBegin trace.  Implemented for encapsulation
     * purposes.
     *
     * \param packet The packet.
     */
    void NotifyRxBegin(Ptr<const Packet> packet);

    /**
     * Called when a packet is received without error.
     *
     * This fires a PhyRxEnd trace.  Implemented for encapsulation
     * purposes.
     *
     * \param packet The packet.
     */
    void NotifyRxEnd(Ptr<const Packet> packet);

    /**
     * Called when the Phy drops a packet.
     *
     * This fires a PhyRxDrop trace.  Implemented for encapsulation
     * purposes.
     *
     * \param packet The packet.
     */
    void NotifyRxDrop(Ptr<const Packet> packet);

    /**
     * Assign a fixed random variable stream number to the random variables
     * used by this model.  Return the number of streams (possibly zero) that
     * have been assigned.
     *
     * \param stream First stream index to use.
     * \return The number of stream indices assigned by this model.
     */
    virtual int64_t AssignStreams(int64_t stream) = 0;

    /**
     * Register this type.
     * \return The TypeId.
     */
    static TypeId GetTypeId();

  private:
    /**
     * Trace source indicating a packet has begun transmitting
     * over the channel medium.
     *
     * \see class CallBackTraceSource
     */
    ns3::TracedCallback<Ptr<const Packet>> m_phyTxBeginTrace;

    /**
     * Trace source indicating a packet has been completely transmitted
     * over the channel.
     *
     * \see class CallBackTraceSource
     */
    ns3::TracedCallback<Ptr<const Packet>> m_phyTxEndTrace;

    /**
     * Trace source indicating a packet has been dropped by the device
     * during transmission.
     *
     * \see class CallBackTraceSource
     */
    ns3::TracedCallback<Ptr<const Packet>> m_phyTxDropTrace;

    /**
     * Trace source indicating a packet has begun being received
     * from the channel medium by the device.
     *
     * \see class CallBackTraceSource
     */
    ns3::TracedCallback<Ptr<const Packet>> m_phyRxBeginTrace;

    /**
     * Trace source indicating a packet has been completely received
     * from the channel medium by the device.
     *
     * \see class CallBackTraceSource
     */
    ns3::TracedCallback<Ptr<const Packet>> m_phyRxEndTrace;

    /**
     * Trace source indicating a packet has been dropped by the device
     * during reception.
     *
     * \see class CallBackTraceSource
     */
    ns3::TracedCallback<Ptr<const Packet>> m_phyRxDropTrace;

}; // class UanPhy

} // namespace ns3

#endif /* UAN_PHY_H */
